Primates are phylogenetically divided into those with a rhinarium, the Strepsirrhini (the prosimians: the lorises, and the lemurs), and those without a rhinarium, the Haplorhini, (the Simians: monkeys, apes, and humans). In place of the rhinarium, Haplorhini have a more mobile, continuous, dry upper lip.
Do Old World monkeys have a rhinarium?
Nose. The external morphology of the nasal region in higher nonhuman primates is characterized by the lack of a rhinarium, lack of a primitive-type philtrum, and an upper lip which is continuous across the midline inferior to the nasal septum.
What animals have rhinarium?
Examples of mammals that have rhinarium include streptorrhines (i.e. lemurs, lorises, pottos, and galagos), cats, dogs, elephants, and walruses.
Do lemurs have a rhinarium?
Lemurs share resemblance with other primates, but evolved independently from monkeys and apes. … As with all strepsirrhine primates, they have a “wet nose” (rhinarium). Lemurs are generally the most social of the strepsirrhine primates, and communicate more with scents and vocalizations than with visual signals.
Which of the following primates have a rhinarium quizlet?
Includes lemurs, lorises. The prosimians have a rhinarium. suborder under primates. Includes tarsiers and anthropoids.
Do tarsiers have rhinarium?
However, it is now generally accepted that the tarsiers make up the earliest haplorhine group. … For example, their small body size and grooming claws are somewhat strepsirrhine traits, while the absence of a rhinarium is quintessentially haplorhine.
Do all primates have forward facing eyes?
All living primates have forward-facing eyes (Figure 1, Johnson, 1901, Cartmill, 1992). In this respect, primates more closely resemble cats and owls than many other mammals (e.g., squirrels or gazelles). Having forward-facing eyes gives primates a wide field of binocular vision (Heesy, 2004, 2009).
Do primates have enclosed eye orbits?
Skeleton. The skull of higher primates differs from that of other animals in several features (Figures 4.1, 4.2). First, the eyes are completely surrounded by bony orbits.
Are tarsiers Strepsirhines or haplorhines?
The lower primates or strepsirhines (suborder Strepsirhini) include lemurs, bush babies, lorises, the higher primates or haplorhines (suborder Haplorhini) include the tarsiers, Old and New World monkeys, apes and humans. Strepsirhines have moist noses, haplorhines have simple, dry noses.
What primates have prehensile tails?
The only primate genera (Figure 1) that possess prehensile tails are spider monkeys (Ateles), woolly spider monkeys (Brachyteles), howler monkeys (Alouatta), woolly monkeys (Lagorix), and capuchin monkeys (Cebus)3.
Do ring tailed lemurs have rhinarium?
Lemur hind legs are longer than the front, more pronounced in arboreal species. The muzzle has touch-sensitive vibrissae (whiskers) and the nose is a bare, wet rhinarium. … Unlike other lemurid species, the Ring-Tail has a tapetum lucidum.
Are tarsiers Platyrrhines?
Haplorrhines are split into three groups: 1) the catarrhines, old world monkeys, apes, and humans, 2) the platyrrhines, new world (South American) monkeys, and 3) tarsiers. Apes are found in Africa and South East Asia, and tarsiers are found only in South East Asia.
Is a sloth a primate?
Sloths are mammals, but they aren’t primates or marsupials – though the groups do share some similarities. Koalas, for example, are marsupials that live in trees, eat leaves and have slow metabolisms. But sloths and koalas developed these traits independently of each other. The two aren’t closely related.
Which of the following are hominoids?
Apes (Hominoidea) are a group of primates that includes 22 species. Apes, also referred to as hominoids, include chimpanzees, gorillas, orangutans, and gibbons. Although humans are classified within the Hominoidea, the term ape is not applied to humans and refers instead to all non-human hominoids.
What superfamily has Bilophodont molars?
The bilophodont tooth pattern is found in cercopithecoid monkeys in the three upper molars as well as the first and second lower molars.
Are prehensile tails present in Catarrhine primates?
Prehensile tails are: Question 4 options: present in catarrhine primates. present in most primates.
Are tarsiers Frugivorous?
All tarsiers are totally faunivorous: they eat insects, arachnids, and small vertebrates such as snakes and lizards. There is evidence from both naturalistic and captive studies of considerable differences in social behavior among and within species (Gursky, 2011).
Are tarsiers quadrupedal?
bancanus able to leap over 5 m (16.4 feet) (Niemitz 1983). Other forms of locomotion include bipedal and quadrupedal climbing, quadrupedal walking, clambering and hopping (MacKinnon &, MacKinnon 1980, Niemitz 1984c, Crompton &, Andau 1986, Dagosto et al. 2001).
Are gibbons Catarrhines?
Catarrhines include gibbons, orangutans, gorillas, chimpanzees, and humans. Two superfamilies that make up the parvorder Catarrhini are Cercopithecoidea (Old World monkeys) and Hominoidea (apes).
Why primates have front facing eyes?
Forward facing eyes allow for binocular or stereoscopic vision, which allows an animal to see and judge depth. Predators need this depth perception to track and pursue prey. … Monkeys also have forward facing eyes that give them depth perception needed to swing and leap in their tree top habitat.
Which bird has eyes facing forward?
Owl has eyes in front of its head (like in humans).
Do all primates have grasping hands?
Primates have five fingers on their hand and five toes on their feet. … Most species have fingernails instead of claws and they have touch-sensitive pads on each of their digits. The hands and feet of all primates, except for humans, are designed for grasping.
What are convergent orbits?
Orbit convergence is isometrically related to binocular visual field overlap across mammals. In general, these data indicate that reorientation of the bony orbit such that they face the same direction is highly correlated with expansion of the size of the binocular zone of the visual field.
Do all primates have binocular vision?
Many primates have color vision comparable to our own. All have binocular vision with fields of view that significantly overlap, resulting in true three dimensional (3-D) depth perception or stereoscopic vision.
What is an eye orbit?
The orbit is the bony cavity in the skull that houses the globe of the eye (eyeball), the muscles that move the eye (the extraocular muscles), the lacrimal gland, and the blood vessels and nerves required to supply these structures.
What are strepsirhines and haplorhines?
Strepsirhines refer to a suborder of primates, including the lemuriform primates that characteristically have a moist area around the nostrils, while haplorhines refer to the second suborder of primates, including New World monkeys, Old World monkeys, and apes.
Are baboons haplorhines?
The strepsirhines have moist noses and the haplorhines do not.
…
| Suborder | Anthropoidea (anthropoids) |
|---|---|
| Infraorder | Catarrhini (Old World monkeys, apes and humans) |
| Superfamily | Cercopithecoidea (Old World monkeys) |
| Family | Cercopithecidae |
| Common Names | guenons, vervets, baboons, macaques, etc. |
Are baboons hominoids?
Baboons are among the largest non-hominoid primates and have existed for at least two million years.
Do tamarins have prehensile tails?
Both marmosets and tamarins are considered to be the most primitive monkeys because of their anatomical and reproductive characteristics. Their thumbs are not opposable. They have claws on all digits except for their big toes, which have nails. They do not have prehensile tails.
Which monkey has prehensile tail?
Many New World monkeys in the family Atelidae, which includes howler monkeys, spider monkeys and woolly monkeys, have grasping tails often with a bare tactile pad.
Do orangutans have prehensile tails?
Like other apes, orangutans don’t have a tail. Orangutans spend most of their life in the trees, swinging confidently from branch to branch. Their long fingers and toes can easily grasp branches and vines.
Are lorises prosimian?
Prosimians are a group of primates that includes all living and extinct strepsirrhines (lemurs, lorisoids, and adapiforms), as well as the haplorhine tarsiers and their extinct relatives, the omomyiforms, i.e. all primates excluding the simians.
Are lemurs strepsirhines?
The strepsirhines include the lemurs, lorises, and related animals. At one time they lived in most tropical regions of the earth, including North America. Today, they are found in the wild only in the Old World.
What animal has a long striped tail?
Ring-tailed lemurs are unmistakable because of their long, vividly striped, black-and-white tail. They are familiar residents of many zoos.
Are tarsiers Cercopithecoidea?
Primates are generally classified into six major groups: Lemuroidea (including the lemurs of Madagascar), Lorisoidea (including lorises and galagos), Tarsioidea (with the tarsiers), Ceboidea (New World monkeys), Cercopithecoidea (Old World monkeys), and Hominoidea (apes and humans).
Are owl monkeys strepsirrhines?
Night monkeys, also known as owl monkeys or douroucoulis (/duːruːˈkuːliz/), are nocturnal New World monkeys of the genus Aotus, the only member of the family Aotidae (/eɪˈɒtɪdiː/).
…
Night monkey.
| Night monkeys | |
|---|---|
| Suborder: | Haplorhini |
| Infraorder: | Simiiformes |
| Parvorder: | Platyrrhini |
| Family: | Aotidae Poche, 1908 (1865) |
Are chimpanzees strepsirrhines?
Humans are assigned to the tribe Hominini while chimpanzees and bonobos are relegated to the tribe Panini.
…
| Infraorder | Simiformes (anthropoids) |
|---|---|
| Parvorder | Catarrhini (Old World monkeys, apes and humans) |
| Superfamily | Hominoidea (apes and humans) |
| Family | Hominidae 4 (hominids–great apes and humans) |
| Common Names | orangutans |
Are lemurs monkeys?
Lemurs are primates, an order that includes monkeys, apes and humans. There are approximately 32 different types of lemurs in existence today, all of which are endemic to Madagascar, a single island country off the southeast coast of Africa.
Is a monkey a primate?
Monkeys and apes are both primates, which means they’re both part of the human family tree.
Are koalas monkeys?
Koalas aren’t primates, but they move like monkeys in trees.
Which trait differentiates hominoids from primates?
Some characteristics that have distinguished hominins from other primates, living and extinct, are their erect posture, bipedal locomotion, larger brains, and behavioral characteristics such as specialized tool use and, in some cases, communication through language.
What primates are part of the Hominoidea?
A hominoid, sometimes called an ape, is a member of the superfamily Hominoidea: extant members are the gibbons (lesser apes, family Hylobatidae) and the hominids. A hominid is a member of the family Hominidae, the great apes: orangutans, gorillas, chimpanzees and humans.
What are the two Suborders of primates quizlet?
Terms in this set (31) The two suborders of primates are: prosimians and anthropoids.